What happens to cholesterol efflux after an AMI?

In the days following an AMI, cholesterol efflux remains reduced and is significantly reduced in those with inflammation. It can take a month to recover to the level at the time of the AMI.1–3

In the dalACUTE study, 300 patients were randomized to dalcetrapib – a cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor – 600 mg/day or placebo within 1 week following an acute coronary syndrome. Change in cholesterol efflux was more strongly correlated with changes in ApoA-I and HDL cholesterol.1

Cost AMI

Adapted from Ray et al. 20141

Why the 90-day high-risk period is important

The 90-day period after an AMI is emerging as an important window for acute, high-risk recurrent CV events.4,5

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During the first 90 days after an AMI, the incidence of hospitalization is disproportionately high. Nearly a third of patients hospitalized for AMI are readmitted with a recurrent CV event within 90 days of their AMI.5,6–9

90-day endpoints are critical and clinically relevant.4,5

Several studies have confirmed a strong link between low cholesterol efflux and a greater risk of recurrent CV events, so additional therapeutic options during this high-risk period should be explored.1,2,10–15

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What happens to cholesterol efflux after an AMI?

Why the 90-day high-risk period is important

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Burden of recurrent CV events

Find out about the significant healthcare costs associated with recurrent CV events post AMI16–19

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Current standard of care post AMI

Current standard of care and newer therapies have lowered the long-term risk of recurrent CV events; however, data show that patients are still at risk during the 90-day high-risk period after an AMI20–27

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Expert views

These resources are for healthcare professionals to learn more about the role of cholesterol efflux and support their patients after an AMI

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Abbreviations

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; ApoA-I, apolipoprotein A-I; CV, cardiovascular; HDL, high-density lipoprotein

References

1. Ray KK et al. Eur Heart J 2014; 35:1792–1800.

2. Soares AAS et al. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 478:51–56.

3. Gille A et al. Circulation 2017; 136:A16500.

4. Chi G et al. Clin Cardiol 2022; 45:299–307.

5. Vora AN et al. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2016; 9:513–522.

6. Khera R et al. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1761–1767.

7. Kini V et al. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018; 11:e004788.

8. Chen H-Y et al. Am J Cardiol 2016; 117:743–748.

9. Allen K et al. Circulation 2020; 142:A12546.

10. Zhang J et al. Am J Cardiol 2016; 117:508–514.

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12. Saleheen D et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3:507–513.

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16. Bakhai A et al. J Interv Cardiol 2012; 25:19–27.

17. Punekar RS et al. Clin Cardiol 2015; 38:483–491.

18. Zhao Z, Winget M. BMC Health Serv Res 2011; 11:35.

19. Chapman RH et al. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2011; 11:11.

20. Schwartz GG et al. N Engl J Med 2018; 379:2097–2107.

21. Cannon CP et al. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2387–2397.

22. Schwartz GG et al. JAMA 2001; 285:1711–1718.

23. Bhatt DL et al. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:11–22.

24. Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 73:2791–2802.

25. Mehta SR et al. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1411–1421.

26. Wallentin L et al. N Engl J Med 2009; 361:1045–1057.

27. Nair R et al. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019270.

USA-GEN-0051 | August 2023